Step 2:
Locate the tread
The tread is the thick molded surface of the tyre that grips the road. It consists of a pattern made up of grooves across the central three quarters of the breadth of the tyre and around the entire outer circumference.
The depth of these grooves should be even on all parts of the tyre. The less tread depth there is, the less grip and driving safety you have.
Step 3:
Do a visual check
Inspect your tyre closely and remove any small objects stuck in the tread. Check for noticeably uneven wear.
Replace the tyre straight away if you notice excessive wear, bulges, cracks or deep cuts in the tread or the side walls.
Look for the built-in tread wear indicator blocks. They are usually found at the bottom of the tyre's central groove. Check if the tread wear indicators are visibly flush with the surrounding tread; if so, replace the tyre.
Step 4:
Use a tread-depth gauge
Check for excessive tread wear by using the gauge on one of the measuring points. If the wear is obviously uneven, place the gauge on the section with the most wear as this part will go first. Holding the gauge perpendicular to the tread, place it between two tread wear indicator blocks. Then extend the gauge's little finger all the way into the bottom of the groove. Now read the value on the ruler.
The minimum tread depth for winter tyres should be at least 5,0 mm. Summer tyres should have at least 3,0 mm. If your tread depth is under these figures it is time to replace the tyres. Note that these values are ideal for your road safety, as they are much above the legal minimum for tread depth of 1.6 mm.
TIP: If the tread is below the legal minimum, fines can be over 2000 pounds/3000 dollars per tyre. Make sure to observe your local legal requirements for the minimum tread depth. However, note that the standard for most countries of 1.6 mm is too low to provide proper road safety in wet conditions.
TIP: If you don't have a tread-depth gauge use a ten pence coin to see if you have at least 1.6 mm. The distance between the coin's outer edge and the inner dotted circle is exactly 1.6 mm. If you can see the dots sticking out of the groove it is high time to buy new tyres.
Step 5:
Adjust tyre pressure if necessary
If the wear on a tyre is uneven, you can counteract this in some cases by simply adjusting the tyre pressure. Over-inflation causes excessive wear down the centre of the tread so in this case, let some pressure off the tyre. Under-inflation causes too much wear on the outer edges, so increase the pressure.
SAFETY WARNING:
There are tread wear patterns that cannot be corrected with the tyre pressure.
If you note dips in the front tyre tread your wheels may be out of balance. This means the small lead weights attached to the rim of the wheel have the wrong weight or are in the wrong place or both. This will lead to vibration at cruising speed. Have your tyres balanced by a tyre specialist.
Check the surface of each tyre by running your hand lightly over the tread. If you notice bumps or even cracks on a relatively new tyre there may be problems with your suspension. Have shock absorbers or struts checked as soon as possible.
If your tyres are worn unevenly on one side of the car or the other your wheels should be properly aligned by a specialist. Not doing so may see your car skidding off the road in wet driving conditions. Tyres can and should be rotated at every second oil change - this will insure all tyres wear equally.
SAFETY WARNING:
Inspect your tyres after extreme driving manoeuvres.
Most tyre damage directly results from driving over the curb. If this happens to you check your tyres immediately after driving over the curb. Small damage can be fixed by a tyre specialist if dealt with straight away, although the tyre should be replaced as soon as possible. Avoid tyre damage and ensuing accidents by driving responsibly.
Step 6:
Repeat check on all tyres
Check if all tyres have even wear, as this is how it should be. Remove small objects, measure the tread depth and correct the tyre pressure where necessary. Do this check at every other petrol stop when checking the tyre pressure.
Be aware that regardless of whether a tyre has been driven or not - if it is older than six years it should not be on the road anymore. Generally replace tyres after 40.000 km/ 25,000 miles. And remember -if the tyre is worn below the legal limit, it's unsafe to drive. Saving on tyres is false economy. |
